what is capacitor ? and how does it work??

      

Hello friends , do you know why your fan speed decrease after long time use it? This is because your fan's capacitor become weak now, so you have to replaced it to new one.
Today  i will tell you " what is capacitor? And how does capacitor work "?
So know the answer it continue to read .


What is capacitor or condenser ? And where it is used ?
A capacitor is an arrangement of at least two conductors separated by an insulator and it can store large amount of charge and Large potential energy in small space.
It is used in electrical appliances in which high voltage is applied  like fans , motors , air conditions etc.

Working or principal of capacitor:-
In a capacitor, electrical capacitance of a conductor is made increased with help of another conductor.

Let, a plate x is given charge q so that its electric potential become v then its electrical capacitance (c) is

       c = q÷v      here , c= capacitance
                                    q= charge
                                v= electric potential


when an uncharged metallic plate y is placed near plate x ( as shown in figure ) then due to induced charges on plate x decreases and its capacitance increases .


When outer surface of plate y is earthed, free positive charge goes to earth and only due to only bound negative charge on plate y potential of plate x decrease further and its capacitance increase further more.

                      

The positive plate x is called collecting plate , plate y is called condensing plate and the system of two plates with air between them is called a capacitor .



 How many energy can capacitor store? And how is it work in electrical appliance? ?
A capacitor can store full applied alternating current in it but for some time . when a capacitor is connected to the electrical appliances then first alternating current is use in charging the capacitor and further capacitor send the energy to move the appliances.    

Thank you for reading